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healthcare price transparency

How Health Insurance Design Affects Access to Care and Costs

By healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency

This is a guest post by Wendy Dessler from The Real Awards.

Weighing The Pros And Cons

Health insurance comes in many forms, some more popular than others. Essentially, it’s not always the rate you pay; sometimes the sort of coverage you get, the network where your coverage applies, and other collateral benefits may be more valuable than primary ones. You’ve got to weigh the pros and cons of different options in reference to your needs.

The primary options right now are HMO and PPO plans. HMO stands for Health Maintenance Organization, and PPO stands for Preferred Provider Organization. Medicaid options are also available, there’s ACA coverage, and even a few non-traditional solutions like Medi-Share. Many of these provide similar coverage options through different avenues, but costs and health providers are of varying quality.

HMO and PPO solutions tend to be popular in part owing to the larger networks members are able to utilize. However, this design means certain individuals may have greater difficulty accessing approved medical practitioners within a given network. Such individuals have to go outside an HMO’s network to get healthcare and lose the associated cost cushion.PPOs tend to have more extensive networks, so this isn’t so much of an issue, but they’re also more expensive than HMOs in general. You can follow the hyperlink for a deeper look into what differentiates HMO and PPO plans. Essentially, HMOs are more cost-effective but have greater network limitations, PPO plans are a bit pricier, but have better networks.

Convenience Of Care Is A Big Factor In Choosing Your Provider

There are situations where one of these alternatives will be more convenient for you. Medical institutions aren’t evenly distributed across the United States, and sometimes conditions can develop which may require specialized practitioners that are far beyond your network.

The question becomes: is the cost of not having the care you’re seeking available through your network greater than the cost of the more extensive coverage? Different people will have different answers. Even so, there are ways of supplementing traditional insurance for a better overall deal.As an example, certain conditions qualify a person for government programs like Medicaid. Family and corporate associations can produce eligibility for certain medical assistance, employers may offer certain health coverage options, and alternative insurance options are out there. What some people do is balance out the down-side of one sort of medical insurance with another kind.

A Solid Balance Between Cost And Value

When you understand how each different option is designed, it will make it easier for you to find a solution which most cost-effectively represents your health needs. It’s no good paying top dollar for insurance only to find approved care is in a limited network halfway across the country. The thing is, there are a broad variety of HMO and PPO options to consider.

At the end of the day, if you’re going this route, it’ll be a little like shopping at a department store. Sure, Target has more niche goods, but Walmart is more affordable; even though they’re both in a similar range.Well, that’s the sort of difference that you’ll be looking at between two HMO or PPO providers. Only, the HMOs are traditional department stores, and PPOs are like a subscription bulk option—a Costco, or a Sam’s Club. So the PPO is sort of like the subscription department store of health insurance. You’re paying in a bit, but there’s a potential for more value.

Sam’s Club and Costco or Walmart and Target: in their categories, they offer the same things at core. In the details, they feature unique aspects of coverage. Similarly, the best way to choose between hypothetical HMO or PPO designs in health insurance would be to figure out your needs and budget, then what sort of network coverage is provided.

They may not both have the same doctors available, locally, through your network. It may be in order to ask your primary physician which network he’s involved with. Doctors can not only help you figure out which specific option would be best for your region, they may be able to appraise you of additional care options outside traditional insurance.

So finally, be sure to inform your decision from multiple angles. Advice from trusted medical practitioners, friends, and family can help. Supplement that with what you can find through blogs like this one.

Surprise medical bills = stress on blast

By cancer, e-patients, healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency

In case you missed it, getting a Really Big Diagnosis like, say, cancer, is a big whack to the wallet. Even if you have titanium-plated insurance (spoiler: there is no such animal in the US healthcare payment system), there will be bills for many, many things.

If you have a deductible, be prepared to build a spreadsheet matrix with complex algebra to calculate how much of what care will be on you. If you have co-insurance – your spouse’s employer coverage, for instance – that’ll add complexity to your algebra.

It’s a lot.

In a piece on the Discover credit card and financial services blog, recent Cancer Club inductee Kris Blackmon lays out how unexpected medical expenses impact people dealing with a Really Big Diagnosis, or any ongoing health issue that requires lots of clinical care – and therefore medical bills – offering a solid strategy for dealing with those bills.

Do your research

Talk to your clinical team’s billing office in advance about what your options are under your coverage plan. You’ll have to do this with each provider and facility you’ll receive care in – Blackmon says she chose to be treated at a major academic medical center because of the one-stop care coordination available in a comprehensive care setting.

Ask all the questions

If you’ve been hanging around these parts for any length of time, you know I’m all about being your own best advocate when getting medical treatment. Kris Blackmon puts mustard on that ball by recommending that, even if you wind up in the emergency department (which can totally happen during cancer treatment), you ask to speak to the billing department rep in the ED before any treatment is ordered, or delivered, so you know what your options are, and what the bill might be for them.

Read the fine print

Yeah, yeah, “nobody reads the Terms and Conditions,” but when you’re getting medical treatment … YOU GOTTA READ ‘EM, KIDS. Reading all of each bill, and lining it up with your health plan coverage, can unearth errors and fact-check the bills you need to pay to meet your deductible. By the way, did you ask if all the clinicians delivering your care were in-network in the previous section? If not … SURPRISE! And not the fun kind with confetti and cake, the not-fun kind with you being on the hook for their charges, thanks to something called balance billing.

infographic medical expenses affect just about everybody

Think it’s just you? Nope. It’s all of us.

Social Workers and Other Organizations May Help You Manage Expenses

When I was dealing with my own Cancer Year, I not only served as my own care coordinator, I was also my own social worker – I was handed a resource sheet by my surgeon’s NP, and then worked the phones and web on my own behalf to find ways to pay the bills that were piling up, as well as the living expenses ditto. Cancer treatment is expensive, and it’s also exhausting – if you have to keep working (which I did) to keep the wheels on your life from falling off. Most hospitals and large health systems have social worker staff to help folks navigate resource options – use them!

What to do? Here’s how others managed.

There’s more!

I’ve shared the highlights of Kris Blackmon’s post on the Discover blog – read the whole thing here. Need some help? Reach out to me here. It takes a village to manage medical care – getting it AND paying for it. Happy to help if you need it.

“How much is that?” is a critical question in healthcare

By healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency

This story from PBS Newshour clearly shows how important it is to ask questions, and shop around, when it comes to prescription drug prices.

Think a generic drug guarantees a lower price? Not so much. Watch this story, and learn how the same generic drug can cost anywhere from $11 to $455. The best way to get the lowest price? The same way you shop for shoes, or appliances: research online, ask local retailers, and make an informed decision.

“How much is that?” is a critical question in healthcare

By cancer, e-patients, healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency

This story from PBS Newshour clearly shows how important it is to ask questions, and shop around, when it comes to prescription drug prices.

Think a generic drug guarantees a lower price? Not so much. Watch this story, and learn how the same generic drug can cost anywhere from $11 to $455. The best way to get the lowest price? The same way you shop for shoes, or appliances: research online, ask local retailers, and make an informed decision.

Firehose of healthcare cost resources for #billesq

By e-patients, healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency, participatory medicine

caduceus dollar sign scaleI attended the 2nd edition of the bill conference in Richmond VA today (for the record, that’s Saturday, April 6, 2013), and wound up kicking off the talks with what’s become my core topic: #howmuchisthat, healthcare edition. That link goes to the hashtag’s home on Symplur, the healthcare hashtag registry that’s also a veritable time-sink of terrific healthcare thought leadership. Including healthcare data visualization. You’re welcome.

Why is this a topic I care so much, and know so much, about? I believe that in all the hot air that’s been expended in the discussion about healthcare and healthcare reform in the US – and boy, howdy, is that some hot air! – very little shrift is given to how consumers (commonly called “patients”) can effect grassroots change themselves. The firehose below takes a wander through the history of US healthcare, particularly from the cost angle, and resources that the average human can use to start figuring out, ahead of time, how to assess the value (medical and fiscal) of their healthcare options.

Here’s the firehose.

Steve Brill’s epic TIME piece, Bitter Pill  pack a lunch, it’s the longest article TIME has ever published

My take on where Brill missed the mark on his “fix this mess” recommendations

A Feb. 12 post that raises Brill’s issue in what I think of as a great-minds-thinking-alike synergy

My health econ guru Uwe Reinhardt’s Chaos Behind a Veil of Secrecy article in January 2006 edition of Health Affairs

A post that includes intel on the RUC and the LA Times piece – both of which I mentioned in my verbal firehose

A NY Times story on the unintentionally hilarious 2013 report in JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Assn.) on the wide disparity in pricing for hip replacements in the US – the RUC is an AMA committee!

Society for Participatory Medicine $30/year, very passionate and engaged membership which is driving real change

ClearHealthCosts.com, NY startup that’s crowdsourcing healthcare costs

Costs of Care, a 501(c)3 dedicated to helping patients drive down healthcare costs

Leapfrog Group’s Hospital Safety Score database

AHRQ (Agency for Health Research and Quality), part of the US Dept. of Health & Human Services

My 1st Disruptive Women in Health Care post, wherein I make some recommendations about break/fixing the health insurance model in the US (and yes, its headline is totally a shout-out to Jonathan Swift)

A year-later post from the Mighty Mouth blog with some additional suggestions on that break/fix, and why not doing it could be the hidden killer of the US job market

If anyone wants to ask questions, or know more, contact me! Honey, I got answers.

 

Medicine has a major image problem

By cancer, healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency
medical monopoly image

image credit: Alec

When you hear the word “monopoly,” does it fill you with a warm and fuzzy feeling? (Unless you’re Hasbro, you really should say no, unless you’re a cyborg.)

Healthcare is a monopoly. We can’t DIY cancer treatment, or surgically repair a broken hip for ourselves, so we have to go to the medical-industrial complex to regain our health if we wander into the weeds, health-wise. We also have deep difficulty accessing pricing information. I’ve talked about that hereand in even more depth on the Cancer for Christmas blog over the last few years.

This “chaos behind a veil of secrecy” (all credit for that phrase belongs to healthcare economist Uwe Reinhart) has created the impression in healthcare customers that there’s no way to tell what something will cost before you buy it. You checks the box and takes yer chances. That’s a rotten way to run a railroad (one of the original monopoly industries in modern history), and an even worse way to run a hospital.

Dan Munro wrote about this, and the star-chamber cabal that actually sets the prices in healthcare, the RUC, on Forbes.com yesterday. I’ve talked about the RUC myself. And the search for price transparency, which seemed such an outlier activity just a couple of years ago, is now popping up in the Well blog on the New York Times site, as well as on Reuters. The Reuters piece has the addition bonus of quotes from my buddy Jeanne Pinder, founder of ClearHealthCosts.com. (Yesterday was a big day in medical price transparency.)

This is the central reason I registered the hashtag #howmuchisthat with Symplur, the healthcare hashtag registry. We all have to start demanding that prices be visible, and that the RUC stop cabal-ing around with our lives and our wallets. As more and more people are finding themselves with high-deductible health insurance, asking how much things cost before you make a healthcare decision will become the norm. If a healthcare provider can’t answer that question, s/he will find that s/he’s seeing the patient panel sinking fast, along with practice revenue.

Get with it, medicine. Remake your image, and your brand, to be clear as glass and user-friendly. Outcome metrics along with pricing would be really nice, too.

HOW MUCH DOES IT COST TO GET IRRETRIEVABLY PISSED OFF?

By healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency, participatory medicine

Nothing. It’s free. Just costs a little of your time.

First, a piece from the New York Times magazine on the science of making addictive foods.

addictive foods image

image credit: Grant Cornett | NY Times

 

 

 

 

 

Second, a post on the TIME Healthland blog about the insanity that is medical billing.

TIME cover

image credit: TIME Magazine

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Go ahead. Read, get angry, get engaged, DO SOMETHING.

Lather, rinse, repeat.

More medical Monopoly: How Steve Brill got it wrong

By healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency
image credit: Alec

image credit: Alec

I talked about Steve Brill’s epic TIMEpiece Bitter Pill: Why Medical Bills Are Killing Us last week. I’m still absorbing the cost data he uncovered in that piece, and the graphics and images alone are worth the $5.99 cover price to get a physical copy of the magazine. The stories he shares about the healthcare industry’s Great & Powerful Oz – the hospital chargemaster price list – do reveal a big reason for the out-of-control price spikes in US healthcare.

As brilliant, informative, and galvanizing as Brill’s piece is, I believe he dropped the ball just short of the goal line when, in his wrap-up recommendations, he talks up solutions that nibble around the edges of the cost problem, but don’t address its core cause: our crazy 3rd-party payer system.

Take a walk with me through the hallways of US healthcare history. Here’s the timeline:

  • 1880s: Chloroform in use as surgical anesthesia (thank GAWD).
  • 1900s: The American Medical Association (AMA) becomes a big player.
  • 1900s: Doctors no longer work fee-free in US hospitals (see bullet #2).
  • 1910s: America lagging behind European nations on health insurance (already?).
  • 1920s: Political complacency (must have been all the bathtub gin) leads to a “what, me worry?” attitude toward rising medical costs.
  • 1930s: Oops, we broke the stock market. Blue Cross, against insurance industry advice, starts offering hospital insurance coverage.
  • 1940s: Stiff wage controls in WWII defense plants lead to employers offering health insurance to their factory workers. President Truman draws up national health insurance plan, gets beat up on the White House lawn by Congress.
  • 1950s: Pharma industry becomes big player via antibiotic and vaccine development, along with meds for a variety of illnesses. Lots of proposals for national health plan, all get beaten up in public and sent home. Employer-based group insurance plans, offering coverage for “major medical” (hospitalization), become the norm.
  • 1960s: First incidence of the idea of a “doctor shortage”. Hospital costs have doubled since the last decade. Specialist MDs now are 70% of working doctors. Medicare becomes law.
  • 1970s: First HMOs established (rending of garments and gnashing of teeth followed swiftly behind). Medicare expenditures are growing faster than predicted. President Nixon proposes national health plan, gets beaten up on the White House lawn by Congress, complains about it on Watergate tapes. Starts “War on Cancer” instead.
  • 1980s: In the Corporate Decade, corporations start to take over, consolidating hospitals and health systems. Medicare shifts to paying by diagnosis rather than by treatment, private insurers follow suit. Private insurers start complaining that “fee for service” is being exploited by healthcare providers, but say nothing about the corporatization of healthcare.
  • 1990s: Healthcare costs now increasing at double the rate of inflation. President Clinton attempts healthcare reform, gets beaten up on the White House lawn by Congress. 16% of US citizens now uninsured. The AMA starts up the RUC (Specialty Society Relative Value Scale Update Committee), a star-chamber group that sets pricing for medical procedures in secret and hands it to Medicare. Price-fixing? Nope, cause Medicare publishes the list, not the AMA.
  • 2000s: Medicare starts to be judged as unsustainable. The RUC is still working in secret. Healthcare costs rise 100% for the average family during the decade. Employer-based group health insurance faces economic challenges due to changing workforce demographics. Insurance premiums for health coverage double. Oops, we broke the stock market AGAIN.
  • 2010s: Obamacare passes. President Obama’s repeatedly beaten on the White House lawn by Congress, but he gets a few licks in himself. Obamacare is a fat, wet kiss on the lips for the insurance lobby; how it affects the rest of us is a still-open question. Word starts spreading about the RUC.

In Bitter Pill, Brill’s “big bad devil” is hospital profiteering via the chargemaster. He highlights the hospital lobby as the most politically powerful group in any Congressional district, and calls out the high salaries of hospital administrators as a big driver of overall healthcare costs. He also recommends that pharma patents should be limited in their blockbuster-drug Monopoly game, and that medical malpractice caps need to be put in place – both of which I agree with 100%. However, Brill reserves most of his bitch-slaps for hospitals, and the chargemaster.

I counter that the chargemaster arose as part of an overall structure problem in US healthcare: like the rest of US business, it’s bottom-line and shareholder-interest driven. Customers (commonly called patients) aren’t given a thought in the corridors of healthcare power other than as revenue units. And that’s because we aren’t directly paying the bills. It really is all about the Bens, and who hands them over, in a commercial transaction – healthcare, and everywhere else.

I’m not saying that doctors, and hospital administrators, need to work for minimum wage. Hell, I don’t think anyone should have to work for minimum wage – who could live on $7.75 an hour, which amounts to the princely gross sum of $310/week? What I do recommend is starting to put value into the equation for patients, not just for shareholders and employee bonus assessments. Healthcare customers – patients – need to be able to assess the value of the healthcare services they receive, beyond the fact that it might be saving their lives. Yes, that’s certainly a high-value item, but it’s not part of every healthcare encounter.

Making that value apparent will require putting customers – patients – at the table for all parts of the healthcare conversation. Starting with (and yes, I know I’m a broken record on this) asking, always and everywhere, “How much is that?” when making a healthcare decision. We also need to take a long, hard look at employer-based group insurance, and maybe put it out to pasture. I’m on record with my thoughts that we should all be buying our own insurance – when various groups shout about “job killers,” I wonder if they’ve ever had to buy group insurance for their employees. That’s a real job killer, right there.

Access to cost information, hand in hand with outcomes information (available on Leapfrog’s hospital safety app and other outcome-metrics reporting tools), will reveal the value of a service. That’s what will really reform the system: patients asking questions, and working to get the full answers to them. And killing off the RUC would be a great idea, too.

Otherwise, we might as well go beat ourselves up on the White House lawn – hey, the Secret Service might help us out if we do …

2013: The Year of Healthcare Emancipation?

By e-patients, healthcare industry, healthcare price transparency, participatory medicine

Hang on to your hats – this one might wade into controversy.

django lincoln caduceus imageAs I write this (3:30pm EST on January 1, 2013), I’m listening to a conversation on NPR about the Emancipation Proclamation, which was signed into law by Abraham Lincoln 150 years ago today. I’m also reflecting on a couple of movies I’ve seen in the last 45 days: Lincoln (over Thanksgiving weekend) and Django Unchained (on Christmas Day).

Is it time for an emancipation proclamation for patients? Or should we just saddle up and have a shootout at the plantation … um, hospital instead?

Too many healthcare transactions are still conducted over the patient’s supine form. Doctors, hospitals, and other entities in the “provider” column horse-trade with health insurers, including Medicare, in the “payer” column. That means that the patient winds up shackled. No say in how much something costs, no real voice (yet) in what happens next, little interest on the part of the two trading entities in clueing us in to what’s happening.

Some of my connections in the participatory medicine/e-patients movement use a driver-rider metaphor for transforming healthcare, with the patient moving from passenger to driver in healthcare. It’s a less controversial/confrontational metaphor than referring to patients as chattel on the medical plantation. However, I’m sticking with that plantation metaphor for the moment, because too many in the provider and payer camps are still viewing patients as meat puppets, not as full participants.

Does healthcare need an emancipation proclamation? Yes. Here’s where the metaphor shifts: let’s not wait for someone to proclaim us (patients) emancipated. Let’s break our own chains, and be our own liberators.

Let’s demand that the providers and the payers give us an equal seat at the table, and then let’s …

LEARN EVERYTHING WE CAN TO BE PRODUCTIVE CONTRIBUTORS TO THE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM.

That last statement is the core of what will emancipate healthcare: patients, providers, payers, caregivers, everyone. Shared decision making – along with “patient-centered”, that’s the new hot phrase in healthcare – can only exist if all parties are able to participate in sharing the decision-making. We must learn how to understand the language of medicine, including research statistics (by the way, many doctors aren’t great at that, either). We must learn to apply critical reasoning to what we see/hear/read in the media about risks and trends in health and disease. We need to work on getting a seat at the research table to give a hard shove in the direction of making clinical research less ivory-tower and more boots-on-the-ground.

Some recommended reading for those who’d like to emancipate themselves:

Society for Participatory Medicine blog

ePatient Dave

Susannah Fox

Dr. Ted Eytan

and our movement’s own Rosa Parks (or, dare I say it, our own Django?):

Regina Holliday

Let’s liberate ourselves, shall we?